Melaka Trial 2025 Add Maths Paper 2, Question 13Index Numbers

Solved on video in English · Form 4, Index Numbers · 6:03 video

The question

(a)

Table 2 shows information related to the four main ingredients and the quantity used by Puan Norsiah to make Kuih Bakar Manis: for each ingredient the price per kg in 2023 and 2024, the 2024 price index based on 2023, and the quantity used.

(a) Find the value of x and y.

(b)

Table 2 gives price indices 125 (corn flour), 109 (coconut milk), 105 (sugar), 120 (wheat flour) and quantities 150 g, 150 g, 100 g and z respectively.

(b) The composite index for the cost of producing one Kuih Bakar Manis in 2024 based on 2023 is 116. Find the value of z.

(c)

The increase in the cost of producing one Kuih Bakar Manis in 2025 from 2024 is the same as the increase in the cost from 2023 to 2024 (composite index 116). The cost price of one Kuih Bakar Manis in 2023 is RM4.00.

(c) Find the selling price of Kuih Bakar Manis if Puan Norsiah wants to obtain a profit of 30% in the year 2025.

Melaka Trial 2025 Add Maths Paper 2, Question 13: the question as drawn in Eduly's video6:03

Part (a)

Step 1

The price index (2024 based on 2023) = (price 2024 / price 2023) × 100.

Why this step

The base year price always goes on the bottom. Flip it and a price that rose gives an index below 100, the examiner's most common slip.

2 more steps, each with the reason for it, in the full solution

Final answer

x = 125, y = 2.75

Where students lose marks

Watch out: the 2023 (base) price goes on the bottom, so don't flip the ratio. Then y = 300/109, not 109/300.

Part (b)

4 more steps, each with the reason for it, in the full solution

Final answer

z = 200

Where students lose marks

Watch out: don't leave z out of the denominator; the total weight is 400 + z. Expand 116(400 + z) carefully as 46400 + 116z.

Part (c)

3 more steps, each with the reason for it, in the full solution

Final answer

Selling price ≈ RM7.00

Where students lose marks

Watch out: 'same increase' means same rate, so 116 × 116/100 = 134.56, not RM0.64 twice. Then × 130/100 for the profit.

Watch every step of this question solved on video (6:03), with the reason behind each step and a box that checks your own answer.

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